Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Adult Patient With RSV Infection: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

We described the case of a 54-­ year-­ old woman with no history of immunodeficiencies admitted to the ICU of our university hospital due to acute respiratory failure and ARDS secondary to severe community-­ acquired pneumonia (sCAP) caused by RSV infection. During hospitalization she received protective mechanical ventilation and organ support. After 9 days, she was successfully discharged. We also surveyed available literature and found 27 relevant articles reporting data on critically ill pa- tients admitted to ICU with RSV lower respiratory tract infection. Early identification of RSV infection as cause of sCAP, along with prompt diagnosis of associated complications, such as ARDS, contributed to the successful management of this case. The reviewed literature confirms a growing interest in severe RSV infections in adults, although evidence on optimal management strategies and specific therapies remains limited.