Optimal Energy Mix Evaluation in Oceania Small Islands. A Comparison of Case Studies

Abstract

Renewable energies diffusion in small and noninterconnected islands is among the main challenges of modern energy systems. Oceania is one of the most populous countries in the world, being composed by several islands and archipelagos. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the current energy landscape and renewable energy potential of three Pacific Island Countries: Fiji, Tonga, and Tuvalu. The study evaluates local energy demands, existing infrastructure, socio-political constraints, and the feasibility of transitioning to a renewable energy mix. Using data from international and regional development agencies, the paper proposes tailored strategies that leverage photovoltaic, wind, biomass, hydro, and emerging oceanic energy sources to ensure energy independence, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and foster sustainable development.