THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SUPPORTED BY TECHNOLOGICAL DEVICES ON GAIT ANALYSIS IN ADULTS WITH LOW BACK PAIN: A PILOT STUDY

Abstract

Gait and balance directly impact the autonomy and quality of life of subjects with low back pain. In this context, TecnoBody®️ robotic devices play an active and complementary role in assessing and programming physical activity adapted to the subject's functional limitations [1]. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a physical activity protocol administered and monitored through digital technology devices on gait analysis in Low back pain subjects. In total, 19 participants affected by Low Back Pain, with an average age of di 62.26±16.45, joined the study. All subjects presented impaired balance and walking at the first assessment. For each, an initial (T0) and final (T1) gait analysis was performed using the Walker view (Wv) device from Tecnobody®️[2]. The integrated use of the 3D video camera allowed obtaining data inherent to the RoM of the trunk, such as anteroposterior oscillations and lateromedial tilts, the RoM of hips and knees. Flexion-extension and prone-supination movements of the foot were detected using inertial sensors that were inserted inside special socks and placed at the level of the metatarsal. Participants took part in a 4-week training protocol with a frequency of 3 times a week, lasting 45' structured as follows: 5' warm-up on Wv followed by 35' with free-body and small apparatus exercises and 5' of cool down with stretching exercises. Across a paired-sample t-test, we found statistical significance in the mean value of trunk flexion-extension (p=0.009); RoM of trunk lateral flexion (p=0.010); RoM of right foot (p < 0.01) and left foot (p=0.004). In conclusion, these devices allow continuous and personalized monitoring of the subject's gait movement and posture, inducing adaptations in subjects with Low Back Pain. Therefore, the combination of physical activity and the use of hi-tech devices, such as wearable sensors, movement monitoring apps, and real-time feedback systems, offers new opportunities for the management of Low Back Pain. However, further long-term investigation is needed to assess their sustainable effects and integration into traditional exercise programs.