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CARLA CANNIZZARO

The use of the Emotional-Object Recognition as an assay to assess learning and memory associated to an aversive stimulus in rodents

  • Authors: Brancato, A.; Lavanco, G.; Cavallaro, A.; Plescia, F.; Cannizzaro, C.
  • Publication year: 2016
  • Type: Articolo in rivista (Articolo in rivista)
  • Key words: CB1 receptor; Explicit emotional memory; Limbic memory engrams; Object discrimination; Neuroscience (all)
  • OA Link: http://hdl.handle.net/10447/229710

Abstract

Background Emotionally salient experiences induce the formation of explicit memory traces, besides eliciting automatic or implicit emotional memory in rodents. This study aims at investigating the implementation of a novel task for studying the formation of limbic memory engrams as a result of the acquisition- and retrieval- of fear-conditioning – biased declarative memory traces, measured by animal discrimination of an “emotional-object”. Moreover, by using this new method we investigated the potential interactions between stimulation of cannabinoid transmission and integration of emotional information and cognitive functioning. New method The Emotional-Object Recognition task is composed of 3 following sessions: habituation; cued fear-conditioned learning; emotional recognition. Rats are exposed to Context “B chamber” for habituation and cued fear-conditioning, and tested in Context “A chamber” for emotional-object recognition. Results Cued fear-conditioning induces a reduction in emotional-object exploration time during the Emotional-Object Recognition task in controls. The activation of cannabinoid signalling impairs limbic memory formation, with respect to vehicle. Comparison to existing methods The Emotional-Object Recognition test overcomes several limitations of commonly employed methods that explore declarative-, spatial memory and fear-conditioning in a non-integrated manner. It allows the assessment of unbiased cognitive indicators of emotional learning and memory. Conclusions The Emotional-Object Recognition task is a valuable tool for investigating whether, and at what extent, specific drugs or pathological conditions that interfere with the individual affective/emotional homeostasis, can modulate the formation of emotionally salient explicit memory traces, thus jeopardizing control and regulation of animal behavioural strategy.